Reading the Dictionary

How to Read an Entry

Each entry follows the printed book’s layout precisely. Once you know the four regions, every entry reads the same way.

A worked example

VerbForm Iintransitivegoverned by إِلَىto run away, to escape (to)

أَبَقَ

Root: ء ب ق

AR

هَرَبَ إِلَيهِ وفَرَّ

UR(supplied)

بھاگ جانا؛ (خصوصاً غلام کا آقا کے پاس سے) فرار ہونا

EN

To run away, to escape (to)

Quranic witness · shāhid

إِذْ أَبَقَ إِلَى الْفُلْكِ الْمَشْحُونِ

When he fled to the laden ship

Qurʾān 37:140

A live entry from the corpus. The numbered regions below map onto it in reading order.

The four regions

  1. 1

    Headword & grammar tags

    The fully vowelled headword sits at the right (Arabic reads right-to-left). Opposite it, LTR tags state everything grammatical: whether it is a Verb or a Noun, its Form I–X, its transitivity, and any governed preposition.

  2. 2

    Root & gloss

    Beneath the headword, the triliteral root and a short English gloss place the word in its family — the same root that heads the chapter you arrived through.

  3. 3

    Meanings, stacked in three voices

    The meaning is given three times, stacked vertically and labelled AR UR EN. Arabic is the source of truth; Urdu and English render its sense — never each other. Editorially supplied Urdu is marked (supplied).

  4. 4

    The Quranic witness (shāhid)

    A verified ayah in which the word occurs, on a tinted panel, with an English translation and a reference that links to the full verse on quran.com. The Arabic is extracted verbatim from a verified corpus — never typed from memory.

The order within a root

When a root has several entries, they are never sorted alphabetically or by frequency. They follow the book’s fixed editorial order, so the two editions correspond:

  1. 1

    Verbs before nouns. The verb entries of a root come first, then its associated nouns.

  2. 2

    Form I before derived forms. The base triliteral verb precedes Forms II–X.

  3. 3

    Intransitive before transitive. Within a form, the intransitive sense precedes the transitive.

  4. 4

    Manuscript order last. Any remaining ties keep the exact sequence of the printed book.

What the flags mean

(supplied)

The Urdu rendering was supplied editorially rather than transcribed from the manuscript. Shown so you can weigh it accordingly.

Note

A disclosure from the editors — a corrected reference, a manuscript quirk, or a reconstruction. Always visible; it is content, not decoration.